Understanding Fractures in Children: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment with Dr. Vidya Sagar Chandankere

Fractures are a common occurrence in children due to their high levels of physical activity and the natural tendency to explore their surroundings. While most fractures in children heal well with appropriate treatment, understanding the types of fractures, their symptoms, and the best treatment options is crucial to prevent long-term complications. Dr. Vidya Sagar Chandankere, a leading pediatric orthopedic specialist and surgeon in Prakash Nagar, has extensive expertise in diagnosing and treating fractures in children effectively. In this blog, we explore the causes, types, symptoms, and treatment options for fractures in children.

Understanding Fractures in Children

A fracture is a break in the bone caused by trauma, falls, or excessive force. In children, bones are softer and more flexible than in adults, making them more prone to unique types of fractures such as greenstick and buckle fractures. However, the same flexibility also allows for faster healing and a lower risk of complications if treated promptly. Children’s bones also contain growth plates—areas of developing cartilage tissue near the ends of long bones—that are more vulnerable to injury. Injuries to these growth plates can affect bone growth and development if not managed properly.

Common Causes of Fractures in Children

1. Falls: The most common cause of fractures, especially from playground equipment, stairs, or bicycles.

2. Sports Injuries: Contact sports like football, basketball, and gymnastics pose a higher risk of fractures.

3. Accidents: Motor vehicle accidents and high-impact trauma can cause severe fractures.

4. Childhood Conditions: Bone disorders like osteogenesis imperfecta can predispose children to fractures.

5. Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of calcium and vitamin D can weaken bones, increasing fracture risk.

Understanding the cause of a fracture helps in formulating an effective treatment and prevention strategy. Dr. Chandankere’s expertise ensures that each child receives a personalized approach to diagnosis and treatment.

Types of Fractures in Children

Children can experience various types of fractures, each requiring a different treatment approach:

1. Greenstick Fracture:

• A partial fracture where one side of the bone bends while the other side breaks.

• Common in young children due to the flexibility of their bones.

2. Buckle (Torus) Fracture:

• Involves compression of one side of the bone, causing a raised or buckled appearance.

• Often occurs in the forearm after a fall on an outstretched hand.

3. Growth Plate Fracture:

• Affects the growth plates at the ends of long bones.

• Requires prompt treatment to prevent growth disturbances or deformities.

4. Spiral Fracture:

• Caused by a twisting force, resulting in a spiral-shaped break around the bone.

• Common in leg fractures due to sports injuries.

5. Transverse Fracture:

• A horizontal break across the bone.

• Typically caused by direct blows or falls.

6. Open (Compound) Fracture:

• The bone breaks through the skin, increasing the risk of infection.

• Requires emergency medical attention and often surgical intervention.

Understanding the type of fracture is essential for determining the most effective treatment approach, a process that Dr. Vidya Sagar Chandankere excels in with his detailed diagnostic methods.

Symptoms of Fractures in Children

Recognizing the symptoms of fractures early is crucial for effective treatment. Common symptoms include:

1. Intense Pain: Sudden and severe pain at the site of injury.

2. Swelling and Bruising: Rapid swelling and discoloration around the affected area.

3. Deformity: Visible misalignment or abnormal shape of the limb.

4. Inability to Move: Difficulty or inability to move the affected limb.

5. Tenderness: Sensitivity to touch or pressure around the injured site.

Parents should seek prompt medical attention if their child exhibits any of these symptoms following an injury. Early diagnosis can prevent complications and ensure faster recovery.

Diagnosing Fractures in Children

Diagnosing fractures in children involves a combination of clinical examination and imaging tests. Dr. Chandankere’s diagnostic approach includes:

1. Medical History: Understanding how the injury occurred and reviewing past medical conditions.

2. Physical Examination: Assessing pain points, swelling, and range of motion.

3. Imaging Tests:

• X-rays: The most common tool for identifying and classifying fractures.

• MRI or CT Scans: Used for complex fractures or when soft tissue damage is suspected.

Accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment planning and minimizing the risk of complications such as malunion or growth disturbances.

Treatment Options for Fractures in Children

The goal of treating fractures in children is to realign the bone, promote healing, and restore normal function. Treatment options include:

1. Non-Surgical Treatment:

• Casting and Splinting: Used for most simple fractures to immobilize the bone and promote healing.

• Closed Reduction: For displaced fractures, manual realignment of the bone under sedation followed by casting.

• Functional Bracing: Allows limited movement while protecting the fracture site.

2. Surgical Treatment:

• Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF): Required for complex or open fractures, involving surgical realignment and fixation with plates, screws, or rods.

• External Fixation: Involves pins and an external frame for severe fractures with soft tissue damage.

• Growth Plate Management: Ensuring proper alignment and protection of growth plates to prevent growth disturbances.

Dr. Chandankere’s expertise in minimally invasive surgical techniques ensures optimal outcomes with reduced recovery times for young patients.

Recovery and Rehabilitation

Recovery from fractures in children is typically faster than in adults due to their ability to heal quickly. Dr. Chandankere’s post-treatment plan includes:

1. Physical Therapy: Customized exercises to restore strength, flexibility, and range of motion.

2. Routine Monitoring: Follow-up X-rays to assess bone healing and detect complications early.

3. Parental Guidance: Educating parents on post-cast care, safe activities, and signs of complications.

With proper treatment and follow-up care, most children regain full function of the affected limb and can return to normal activities.

Preventing Fractures in Children

While not all fractures can be prevented, reducing risk factors can help:

1. Safety Gear: Ensuring children wear helmets, knee pads, and wrist guards during sports.

2. Diet and Nutrition: Promoting a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D for strong bones.

3. Supervision: Close monitoring during play, especially on playground equipment or bicycles.

Conclusion

Fractures are a common part of childhood, but with timely diagnosis and expert care, children can heal quickly and return to their favorite activities without lasting effects. National Arthritis Awareness Month serves as a reminder that bone health is crucial at every age. Dr. Vidya Sagar Chandankere’s dedication to pediatric orthopedic care ensures that children in Prakash Nagar receive the highest quality treatment for fractures. If your child experiences a fracture, consult Dr. Chandankere promptly for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized care.